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Analysis and segmentation of tomographic images
Dorazil, Jan ; Bartušek, Karel (referee) ; Smékal, Zdeněk (advisor)
The thesis deals with the edge detection in the magnetic resonance images and their segmentation. There are adduced the gradient based methods, methods based on zero-crossing in the Laplacian images and also methods combined both of the methods adduced above. These methods are compared to find the best one for the temporo-mandibular joint detection. Consequently sufficient segmentation method for particular parts of the temporo-mandibular joint (the condyle, the acetabulum and the articular disk) separation is chosen.
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Tomographical analysis of semiconductor devices by FIB-SIMS
Mičulka, Martin ; Voborný, Stanislav (referee) ; Bábor, Petr (advisor)
This thesis deals with a tomographic analysis of the structure of through-silicon via utilizing TOF-SIMS; a method used in electrotechnical industry. A focused ion beam isused to create a cross section of a semiconductor to reveal its inner structure. Afterwards a newly created surface is analysed by TOF-SIMS to determine its chemical composition. A series of 2D images is created which are used for tomographic reconstruction of the through-silicon via. Moreover, the thesis deals with an optimization of FIB-SIMS method by employing oxygen ion beam for improvement of ionized sputter yield and for artifacts reduction. A measurement of instability of bismuth ion beam is demonstrated as well.
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Measurement of conifers needles surface by MR tomography
Hladík, Roman ; Kubásek, Radek (referee) ; Mikulka, Jan (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the tomography based on magnetic resonance and evaluation of scanned images of conifers needles. At first, it is described the physical basis and methods of magnetic resonance scanning of objects. Another part is devoted to graphical preprocessing, which consist of noise suppression and image segmentation. After that there are described the design and algorithm for parameter estimation implemented to the application. The first experimental measurements were lightly discussed and evaluated in the last part of the work. In the last part there are discussed results of the experimental measurement. The attached documents contain the source code in Matlab language.
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RF coil for MR systém
Vojtíšek, Miloš ; Kořínek, Radim (referee) ; Gescheidtová, Eva (advisor)
The bachelor thesis is focused on radio frequency coils for magnetic resonance imaging systems. Magnetic resonance is used for imaging of many objects, especially human body in medicine, plants and many other different objects. For obtaining optimal results it is essential to use a special suitable coil for every single application. In the first part of this work, the short overview of principles of magnetic resonance imaging is described followed by a look at hardware used in MRI. The main aim of the work is design of several different types of RF coils used in MRI. Finally two suitable designs have been chosen for the purpose. Coils have been realized, tested in experiments. Results were analyzed, maps of generated magnetic field were calculated and homogeneity was determined.
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Automatic smoothing 3D models of cranial embryonic mouse cartilage
Kočendová, Kateřina ; Harabiš, Vratislav (referee) ; Jakubíček, Roman (advisor)
The focus of this thesis is the smoothing of manually segmented 3D models of mouse embryo craniofacial cartilege. During the process of manual segmentation, artefacts and other imperfections appear in the final models and need to be repaired. Firstly, manual segmentation is corrected using gradients and thresholding. Subsequent smoothing methods are constructed based on theoretical research. Algorithmizing is executed in the MATLAB environment. All the designed algorithms are then tested on selected models. Statistical evaluation is determined using the Srensen–Dice coefficient, where manually smoothened models cleared of all artefacts are used as the gold standard.
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Modern Imaging Techniques in Medicine
Pařízek, Aleš ; Neuwirthová, Ludmila (referee) ; Rujbrová, Šárka (advisor)
Cílem této práce je popsat základní principy a fyzikální veličiny spjaté s jednotlivými zobrazovacími metodami a poté jednotlivé metody porovnat. Práce popisuje vznik rentgenového záření, jeho interakci s různými materiály a metody snímaní pro vytvoření obrazů. Dále se práce zabývá základním principem vytvoření 3D obrazů pomocí počítačové tomografie a jednotlivými generacemi tomografických strojů. V poslední části se práce věnuje principu nukleární magnetické resonance a základním parametrům pro vytvoření obrazů pomocí MRI systémů.
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2D and 3D analysis of semiconductor devices by SIMS
Vařeka, Karel ; Šamořil, Tomáš (referee) ; Bábor, Petr (advisor)
The chemical analysis of semiconductor structures using the SIMS method is the main part of this bachelor thesis. It allows the user to make a depth profiling and a creation of 2D or 3D material images. During the analysis of the chip from the TIGBT semiconductor, there is a sputtering of a heterogeneous structure in the material with different sputtering rates. It is convenient to make a cut through the material using a focused ion beam to create a profile, which grants the user to perform a tomographic measurement. This new surface enables a chemical analysis of a depth profile of semiconductor structures without the need for sputtering beam in dynamic SIMS mode. By reconstructing individual two-dimensional images, it is possible to assemble a three-dimensional pattern of the analysed sample area. Also, the preparation and removal of the lamella from the TIGBT chip were accomplished and analysed via a detector of transmission electrons.
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3D analysis of biological samples using focused ion beam electron microscopy
Petrovský, Jan ; Sobola, Dinara (referee) ; Hrubanová,, Kamila (advisor)
Understanding the three-dimensional information inside biological microscopic structures is easier and more intuitive than a set of two-dimensional images. The aim of this thesis is to create a 3D model of the bacterium Rubrum rhodospirillum that allows the observation of structural changes with respect to the whole experiment. To successfully image the cells, it is essential to fix their ultrastructures. In our case, chemical fixation followed by heavy metal staining and embedding in resin is used. The final acquisition of a good quality dataset for the creation of the three-dimensional model is preceded by the optimization of the image acquisition parameters. Emphasis is placed on the parameters of the electron and ion beam used. In this work, several different microscope settings are tested and compared and their influence on the final image is examined. Subsequently, several datasets are imaged using the software Auto Slice and View 4 and then whole cells and PHB granules inside these cells are segmented. From this modified data, a 3D model of the bacteria in the studied volume was created using selected reconstruction techniques.
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